Kidney cancer treatment is one of the widest areas of treatment in Turkey, as kidney cancer is the fourteenth cancer in the world, and symptoms of kidney cancer do not appear until a late stage, so it must be detected early.
It is (kidney cancer) Among the ten most common types of cancer among men and women, it may be asymptomatic at an early stage, so it is difficult to detect in its beginnings. Kidney Cancer often arises in a kidney on one side and is rarely bilateral.
The stages of kidney cancer differ according to the location and spread of the tumor inside and outside the kidney, so is it possible to treat kidney cancer in all its stages? Will kidney cancer return after it is removed? Is kidney cancer dangerous? How long does a kidney cancer patient live? Follow us in this article to learn more.
Kidney cancer treatment and what you should know about this cancer
Kidney cancer is an abnormal growth of cells in the tissues of the kidney. Over time, these cells form a mass called a tumor.
Cancer begins when something causes a change in the DNA of cells, and they divide out of control.
Cancerous tumors can spread to other vital tissues and organs.
In order to understand more about the treatment of kidney cancer, we must learn about the kidney and its functions, in order to know the proper treatment method suitable for the type and stage of this cancer.
What is a kidney and what are its functions?
The kidney is a bean-shaped organ in the body located below the rib cage near the middle of the back.
Most people have two kidneys, each about the size of a fist, one on each side of the spine.
The kidneys remove waste and control blood pressure, in addition to many other functions such as producing hormones necessary for blood formation and have a role in the manufacture of vitamin D.
-
The location and shape of the kidneys in the body
Blood passes through the kidneys to clean them before returning to the heart. The blood enters the kidneys through two vessels called the renal arteries.
The kidneys also produce urine, which is made up of extra water and waste products that are filtered from the blood. Urine travels to the bladder (a balloon-shaped storage bag) through two tubes called ureters.
The bladder empties urine from the body (through the process of urination) through another tube called the urethra.
The kidneys also produce several important hormones, including:
- Erythropoietin: This hormone stimulates the bone marrow (the soft, spongy tissue inside the large bones of the body where blood cells are made) to produce red blood cells. Red blood cells carry oxygen to the cells of the body.
- Renin: This hormone regulates blood pressure.
- Calcitriol: This hormone tells the intestines to absorb calcium from the foods we eat. Calcium is a mineral that helps maintain healthy bones and teeth.
-
Kidney cancer and the difference from the normal kidney shape
Types of kidney cancer
Renal cell carcinoma is the most common form of cancer of the kidneys. However, there are different types of kidney cancer, including:
renal cell carcinoma (RCC)
This type is the most common form of kidney cancer in adults and accounts for 85% of all kidney cancers. Renal cell carcinoma usually develops as a single tumor in one kidney, but it can affect both kidneys.
Renal cell carcinoma develops from the lining of the small tubules that form part of the nephrons inside the kidney.
Transitional cell carcinoma
Transitional cell carcinoma accounts for 6% to 7% of all kidney cancers, and this cancer usually begins in the area where the ureter connects to the main part of the kidney.
This area is called the renal pelvis. Transitional cell carcinoma can also occur in the ureters or bladder.
renal sarcoma
This is the least common form of cancer of the kidneys, accounting for only 1% of cases of kidney cancer. It begins in the connective tissues of the kidneys and, if left untreated, can spread to nearby organs and bones.
Wilms tumor
The most common type of kidney cancer in children. It accounts for about 5% of kidney cancers.
Does kidney cancer spread?
Kidney cancer accounts for about 3.7 percent of all cancers.
The risk of developing kidney cancer increases with age, and it is more common in men than in women.
In stages II and III, renal cancer spreads to the vena cava and nearby organs first, and then to distant organs.
Stages of kidney cancer
-
Stages of kidney cancer
Causes of kidney cancer
The exact cause of kidney cancer is not known, but several risk factors have been identified. A risk factor is a characteristic or behavior that increases your chance of developing a disease.
Kidney cancer risk factors include:
- Smoking: Smokers are more likely to develop kidney cancer.
- Obesity: Obesity is a risk factor for kidney cancer.
- High blood pressure: High blood pressure, especially in women, has been associated with an increased risk of kidney cancer.
- Family history: People who have family members with kidney cancer may have an increased risk of developing cancer.
- Radiation: Women treated with radiation for cancer of the reproductive organs ( Uterus orCervical) are more likely to develop kidney cancer.
- Genetic changes (mutations): Changes in certain genes can increase the risk of developing cancer of the kidneys.
- Long-term hemodialysis treatment: Dialysis Hemodialysis is the process of cleaning blood by passing it through a special machine. Dialysis is used when a person's kidneys are not working properly.
- Tuberous sclerosis: Tuberous sclerosis is a disease that causes Epileptic seizures and mental retardation, as well as the formation of tumors in many different organs.
- Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome (VHL): People with this genetic disorder are more likely to develop kidney cancer. This disorder causes noncancerous growths in the blood vessels, usually in the eyes andthe brain.
-
A dialysis robot whose use can cause kidney cancer in the long run
-
Kidney cancer symptoms
Kidney cancer may not cause any symptoms in its early stages.
However you may start Symptoms of kidney cancer By appearing as the tumor grows, for this reason, kidney cancer is often not diagnosed until it has started to spread.
can include Symptoms of kidney cancer are one of the following:
- blood in the urine (a condition called hematuria)
- A lump in the kidney area
- Pain in the loin
- Tiredness
- A general feeling of discomfort
- Loss of appetite and/or weight
- Fever
- The patient may complain of bone pain
- High blood pressure
- Anemia
If you have any of the above symptoms, Contact us qBimaristan center Your family in Turkey
How is kidney cancer diagnosed?
If you have symptoms, your doctor will perform a complete medical questioning and physical examination. The doctor may also order some tests that can help confirm: Diagnostics and evaluation of cancerThese tests may include:
- Urinalysis: A urine sample is studied to see if it contains blood. Even very small traces of blood, invisible to the naked eye, can be detected in urine sample tests.
- Blood tests: These tests are done to count the number of each of the different types of blood cells, as well as to check the different electrolytes in your body.
A blood test can show if there are too few red blood cells (anemia), or if your kidney function is disturbed (by looking at creatinine).
- Computed tomography (CT or CAT): This is a special X-ray that uses a computer to create a series of pictures, or slices, of the inside of your body.
This test is often done using an intravenous contrast material (painting material). Patients with poor kidney function may not be able to take this.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): This is a test that produces pictures of the inside of the body using a large magnet, radio waves, and a computer. It is safe for pregnant women.
- Ultrasound: This test uses high-frequency sound waves that travel through body tissues to create images that are displayed on a screen.
This test is useful in detecting tumors that have a different density than healthy tissue.
- Biopsy: During this procedure, a thin needle is inserted into the tumor, and a small sample of tissue (biopsy) is removed. The doctor will examine the tissue under a microscope to see if there are any cancer cells. Since kidney cancer biopsies are not always completely reliable, they may not Your doctor recommends this test.
-
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows a mass in the left kidney
Most cancers are divided by stage, which is a description of the cancer that helps plan treatment. The stage of the cancer depends on:
- The location and size of the tumor
- The extent of the lymph nodes affected
- The degree of spread of the cancer
The doctor uses information from various tests including CT scans, MRIs, and biopsies to determine the stage of the cancer.
Kidney cancer treatment in Turkey
Kidney cancer treatment in Turkey depends on the type, stage and grade of cancer, and the patient's age and general health.
-
In partial nephrectomy, the surgeon removes only the portion of the kidney that contains the tumor
Surgery is the most common treatment for cancer of the kidneys. Several surgical options may be considered, including:
- Partial nephrectomy: The surgeon removes only the part of the kidney that contains the tumor.
- Radical nephrectomy: The surgeon removes the entire kidney and some tissues around the kidney. Some lymph nodes in the area may also be removed.
In Turkey, it is now possible to use Robotic surgery for kidney cancer, as it became possible Treatment of tumors with cryo-excision and cryosections.
When one kidney is removed, the remaining kidney is usually able to perform the work of the kidneys, and if the tumor affects both kidneys, the patient will need To perform a kidney transplant Hospitals in Turkey are among the most important and The best hospitals in the world for organ transferToday, it is being assisted robots.
Surgery is the preferred treatment for most stages of cancer of the kidneys. For chemotherapy for kidney cancer, there are several relatively new agents that block blood flow to the tumor and put it to rest. These drugs are usually taken orally. Another method is to use drugs that activate the systemic system. The body's immune system to fight off the tumor.
What is the outlook for people with kidney cancer?
The chance of recovery depends on the type and stage of cancer (whether it is in the kidneys only or has spread to other places in the body), and the chance of recovery also depends on the general health of the patient.
Like most types of cancer, kidney cancer is more treatable if it is caught in its early stages. In general, if cancer is caught early, before it spreads beyond the outer covering of the kidney, cancer of the kidneys is often curable.
In the end, we find that kidney cancer must be detected early, as its symptoms do not appear until a late stage, and doctors often resort to surgery to treat this cancer, and it is considered a curative treatment in most cases by the most skilled doctors in Turkey.
Sources:
EN 
AR 
TR