Delayed childbearing is a common problem for couples, and many are looking for ways to treat it in both males and females. Male infertility can be treated under the supervision of Turkey's elite doctors.
An overview of male infertility
Infertility is defined as the inability for couples to bear a child after a full year or more of their marriage despite having regular sex without using any condom or contraceptive method.
If you are struggling with infertility, you are not alone. 15% of couples have infertility problems, and in half of the cases the cause of infertility is men, so it is important to know the causes of male infertility, diagnose it and treat the problem with the best medical options.
The reason of the infertility may be due to a health condition that you suffer from or your partner. Where studies indicate that 10% women of reproductive age between 15 and 45 years have difficulty achieving and maintaining pregnancy, there is a combination of factors that prevent childbearing and must be recognized and diagnosed to choose safe and appropriate methods to improve your chance of pregnancy.
Half of infertility cases are attributed to the husband. There are many reasons, including a lack of sperm production or blockage of the ducts that carry sperm. The correct diagnosis of the cause of infertility is the main step in treatment.
Causes of infertility in men
The husband needs sperm with special specifications in order for fertility to be achieved and the eggs to be fertilized.
The process of sperm synthesis in a man’s body requires the presence of at least one functioning testicle and that he has enough male hormones, of which testosterone is the most important. .
The semen must contain more than twenty million sperms per milliliter, and it should be fast and capable of penetrating the body of the eggs and fertilize them.
The treatment of male infertility depends mainly on the diagnosis of the cause, which can be classified as follows:
Varicocele
The valves in the veins around the testicle close, causing blood to stay in them. These blood vessels play a major role in regulating the temperature and keeping it low to provide a suitable environment for sperm.
the Varicocele is the most common cause of reversible infertility in men, as there are a large number of Cases cured of infertility in men After it was found that there is a varicocele in the testicle.
septic diseases
Viral or bacterial infections, especially sexually transmitted infections, may affect sperm production and distort their shape, or cause fibrosis and inflammation in the tubes carrying animals. It is important Urinary tract infections in order to treat male infertility.
Erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation
Men who suffer from chronic diseases such as diabetes Or spinal injuries or neurological diseases have difficulties in ejaculating semen, and some psychological problems such as painful intercourse and early ejaculation lead to difficulties in inducing pregnancy, whether the cause is psychological or physiological, as in cases of retrograde ejaculation, which causes the semen to rebound towards the bladder instead of ejaculating it into Outside, it is necessary to know the cause in order to treat male infertility.
Some men suffer from a condition in which the testicle does not move towards the scrotum (ectropion) and remain in the abdomen during the growth period in fetal life, if the condition is not detected and treated early, the testicle becomes nonfunctional and must be removed for fear of carcinogenesis.
Genetic and hormonal causes
The testosterone hormone is necessary for the production of sperm in sufficient quantities and with normal specifications, where the process of secretion of these hormones is controlled by a group of glands in the body, including the pituitary gland, the hypothalamus gland, and the gonads in the testicle. Sperm of good quality.
There are several hereditary diseases that also affect the amount of sperm produced in men, including cystic fibrosis and Klinefelter syndrome in which the male is born with a double X chromosome and one copy of the Y chromosome, and this disease has negative affects on the development of male reproductive organs.
environmental and biological factors
People who work in certain professions are more likely to suffer from infertility compared to other men, due to their exposure to many toxic substances, which can affect their sperm.
Treatment for such cases requires to stay away from the risk factors such as pesticides, heavy metals and paints, in addition to workers in radiation fields who are frequently exposed to X-rays.
Also men who has had surgery on the testicles, seminal tubes, or prostate can also become infertile.
Taking some medications, especially chemotherapy and steroid medications, affects the quantity and quality of sperm produced, so it is necessary to pay attention to the presence of such cases when treating male infertility.
Studies indicate that smoking, alcohol and drugs cause sexual weakness in men, and weight gain hinders the relationship between spouses. Therefore, a large part of male infertility treatment is related to lifestyle changes and a new healthy lifestyle.
Tumors
Tumors or cancers that arise at the expense of the glands that secrete male hormones, such as testicular tumors, may affect male fertility, in addition to pituitary tumors which cause secretion of the hormone prolactin, which is associated with the sexual dysfunction in men.
Symptoms of male infertility
The main and most obvious symptom of infertility is the absence of pregnancy or the difficulty of continuing it naturally without aborting the fetus. There are a group of other symptoms that may explain the failure to become pregnant. Some men suffer from varicocele, which is defined as edema in the blood veins that causes blood retention in the man’s testicle. And enlarged or have hormonal changes and genetic factors.
The Signs of male infertility in those who suffer from a health condition that leads to delay in having children may be:
- Enlargement of the testicle or the expansion of its blood vessels, which leads to high temperature and unnatural sperm
- Ejaculation-related problems such as premature ejaculation, low semen or difficulty in ejaculating
- Problems related to the practice of sex such as low libido and sexual dysfunction, in addition to the lack of sufficient erection
- abnormal breast enlargement (Gynecomastia)
- The hair distribution is abnormal and falls out of the chest so that its appearance becomes similar to the distribution of hair in women. This is due to a genetic or hormonal imbalance
Male infertility treatment in Turkey
In order to treat infertility, the patient must first acknowledge his need for treatment and make sure that his wife does not suffer from any health problem that causes infertility.
The best way to treat infertility is to find out the cause that led to infertility and treat it. Methods for treating male infertility include the following:
Varicocele surgery in Türkiye
Surgical treatment contributes to the solution of many cases of infertility, such as those resulting from varicocele or obstruction of the ducts that carry sperm. In the event that the ejaculated fluid is empty of sperm, an operation can be performed to retrieve the sperm from the epididymis or testicles. Read more about Varicocele operation.
Hormonal therapy
If the blood tests reveal the presence of a hormonal disorder, then this disorder is corrected either with hormone replacement therapy or through hormone inhibitory therapy.
Treatment of septic infection
Infertility may be caused by a bacterial or viral infection that affects the formation of semen. In this case, this problem is solved by treating the infection, but treating the infection does not necessarily lead to the treatment of male infertility, as the infection may be irreversible in some cases.
intercourse problems
In some cases that prevent normal intercourse to fertilize the wife egg, such as the case of erectile dysfunction or premature ejaculation.
ART
Through these techniques, the process of fertilization of the sperm with the egg is facilitated for assisted fertilization By taking a sample of the husband’s sperm, either through natural ejaculation or surgically, in order for the sperm to be fertilized with the wife’s egg, either by injecting them into the woman’s genital tract, or the sperm may be injected into a tube containing the wife’s egg to carry out the process of fertilization through the tube, and then the fertilized egg is transferred and implanted in the wife’s womb. This method is called IVF.
Diagnosing the causes of male infertility in Turkey
to diagnose the causes of infertility in men doctors carry out several tests, which may be expensive, but help reveal the cause of infertility and develop an appropriate treatment plan.
The causes of male infertility are often diagnosed by performing one of the following tests:
General physical examination with clinical history
The doctor performs a comprehensive examination of the patient, which includes examining the genitals to detect abnormalities or changes. In addition, the doctor asks the patient about a history of chronic diseases, previous surgeries that may cause infertility, or the presence of family hereditary diseases accused of causing infertility.
semen analysis
An important test to determine the cause of infertility, a sample of semen is collected in a test tube and sent to a laboratory where the fluid is studied under a microscope.
The presence of morphological or functional changes in the movement and number of sperms, and infection can be detected by semen culture.
hormonal tests
Hypothalamus and pituitary hormones play an important role in the process of fertilization and the production of semen, so testing these hormones in the blood helps in revealing the causes of infertility.
genetic test
If the semen production is low or a genetic syndrome that causes infertility is suspected, a blood test and genetic tests can be ordered to investigate the Y chromosome and detect the presence of genetic syndromes such as Klinefelter syndrome.
when do you need to consult a doctor?
There is no need for the newly married partners to resort to consulting a doctor for procreation and searching for a treatment for infertility before at least a full year has passed since the practice of marital relationship regularly and repeatedly at the time of ovulation and without any contraceptive protection methods, but there are some patients who must request a consultation urgent medical care, including:
- Women over the age of 35 who did not get pregnant within six months of unprotected sex.
- Any woman over the age of forty
- irregular Menstrual cycle
- If there is a history of infertility in the woman or women from her family, or ovarian cysts
- Exposure to chemotherapy or radiation to treat cancer
- Recurrent miscarriages and chronic pelvic infections
- If the testicles are smaller than normal, swollen, enlarged, or painful
- If it is found that the number of sperms is low when conducting a semen analysis, so that the result of the analysis shows that one milliliter of it contains less than 15 million sperms.
- story of infertility in the family.
- Previous surgeries for the testicles or prostate.